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# Hey Alexa, Where’s My Money? An Update On ‘Address Unknown’ Royalty-free Windfall Loophole
- URL: https://www.hypebot.com/hey-alexa-wheres-my-money-address-unknown-update-thanks-to-paperchain/
- Published: 2017-07-18T11:35:00.000Z
- Updated: 2017-07-18T11:35:00.000Z
- Description: A new update on the status of the exploitation of the 'address unknown' mass NOI filings to the Copyright Office has come out, thanks to Sydney-based Paperchain. Attorney Chris Castle. Continue reading [https://www.hypebot.com/hypebot/2017/07/hey-alexa-wheres-my-money-address-unknown-update-thanks-t
- Author: Guest Author
- Tags: Music Business, Music Tech, Songwriting & Music Publishing, Streaming, Amazon, Apple, Apple Music, Google, music, music industry, musician, musicians, Pandora, Spotify, Tech Stories, YouTube, #wp, #wp-post, #Import 2026-01-21 10:13

[![Teen_drug_abuse_08_missing_money](http://hypebot.typepad.com/.a/6a00d83451b36c69e201b7c90c9cb0970b-200wi "Teen_drug_abuse_08_missing_money")](http://hypebot.typepad.com/.a/6a00d83451b36c69e201b7c90c9cb0970b-popup?ref=hypebot.com)

A new update on the status of the exploitation of the 'address unknown' mass NOI filings to the Copyright Office has come out, thanks to Sydney-based Paperchain. Attorney Chris Castle shares a 70% rise in such filings, with Amazon still the champion exploiter, followed by Google and then Spotify.

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

*Guest post by *Chris Castle* of [Music Technology Policy](https://musictechpolicy.com/2017/07/17/hey-alexa-wheres-my-money-address-unknown-update-courtesy-of-paperchain/?ref=hypebot.com)*We get an update this week on the total “address unknown” mass NOIs filed with the Copyright Office for the royalty-free windfall loophole. This time we have to thank our our friends at [Paperchain](https://paperchain.io/?ref=hypebot.com) in Sydney for doing the work of decompressing the massive numbers of unsearchable compressed files posted [on the Copyright Office website](https://www.copyright.gov/licensing/115/noi-submissions.html?ref=hypebot.com). As you can see, there’s been an increase of approximately 70% *since January 2017\.* [(For background, see my article.)](http://www.christiancastle.com/articles/2017/5/14/meet-the-new-boss-tech-giants-rely-on-loopholes-to-avoid-paying-statutory-royalties-with-mass-filings-of-nois-at-the-copyright-office1?ref=hypebot.com)As you can see, Amazon is still far and away the leader in this latest loophole designed to stiff songwriters, followed closely by Google. However, Spotify is moving on up. Spotify does get extra points for starting late in March 2017, but they are catching up fast filing over 5,000,000 as of last month.To put this in context–the Copyright Office as recently as September 2015 posted these “address unknown” NOIs [in a single searchable PDF. ](https://www.hypebot.com/content/files/musictechpolicy-files-wordpress-com/2017/07/copyright-office-noi-list-9-1-15.pdf) However, the Copyright Office apparently changed the practice abruptly in early 2016 once the Big Tech hammer came down. Based on the last PDF I could find, the total number of “address unknown” NOIs filed with the copyright office from January 2010 to September 2015 was approximately 4,800.

![NOI 2015 Era Date Detail](https://storage.ghost.io/c/3a/95/3a957c06-c825-4057-9939-0a274cc16d23/content/images/musictechpolicy-files-wordpress-com/2017/07/noi-2015-era-date-detail-w-1032-amp-h-129.png)

Compare that approximately *4,800* in five years to approximately *45 million* in 18 months.Notable in its absence: Apple Music has not filed a single address unknown NOI. Somehow Apple seems satisfied with their licensing practice based on an absence of a single NOI.

| **NOI Table**           |                        |
| ----------------------- | ---------------------- |
| *Licensee*              | *Paperchain 4/16-6/17* |
| Total                   | 45,856,225             |
| Amazon Digital Services | 23,977,548             |
| Google, Inc.            | 10,386,238             |
| Spotify                 | 5,020,002              |
| Microsoft               | 3,522,100              |
| iHeart Communications   | 1,565,763              |
| Pandora Media, Inc.     | 1,316,512              |
| The Overflow.com Inc.   | 66,326                 |

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